- In the fifth reporting period, IUNG-PIB finds drought in all voivodeships and crops and in 12 crop species.
- The drought is getting worse, especially in the east of the country.
– In the fifth reporting period, i.e. from May 1 to June 30, 2024, the average value of the Climatic Water Balance (KBW) for the country, on the basis of which the drought risk is assessed, was negative and amounted to -121 mm. The water deficit in the current period has increased by 3 mm compared to the previous six-decade period. – we read in the new drought report published by IUNG-PIB in Puławy
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Drought is powerful! The corn is already cooking
According to the Institute: the greatest water shortages from -160 to -229 mm were recorded in the following areas: the Masurian Lake District, Polesie, the Lublin Upland, the Masovian Lowlands and the Podlasie. In the south of the country, the water deficit was the smallest, ranging from -50 to -119 mm. In the rest of Poland, water shortages for crops ranging from -120 to -159 mm were recorded.
Source: IUNG-PIB
Drought occurred in twelve crops
Currently, drought is confirmed by IUNG PIB in all voivodeships and detected in 12 crops.
- spring cereals,
- winter cereals,
- fruit bushes,
- Strawberries,
- Rapeseed and turnip rape,
- legumes,
- corn for grain,
- Corn for silage,
- fruit trees,
- ground vegetables,
- Tobacco
- Hops.
Podlasie is devastated by drought
The greatest drought still concerns spring cereals. As many as 70% of the country's communes are affected by this element. In the Podlaskie Voivodeship it is found in all communes.
The rainfall deficit will also affect rapeseed yields. Drought in this crop was recorded in 1,774 communes (71.62% of Polish communes). The worst situation is in the province. Podlasie and Masovia.
Also in the case of winter cereals, 100% of communes in the province Podlaskie is affected by drought. Similarly, in the case of legumes, over 97% of communes have confirmed the impact of drought on the yield of this group of crops.
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Drought returns to the fields. It applies to 16 voivodeships, 11 crops, including corn
Unfortunately, what is particularly worrying is that drought is already consuming maize (both for grain and silage) in this region. Overall, drought was recorded in 1,266 municipalities (51.11% of Polish municipalities), but in the case of the province Podlaskie, over 97% of communes have to deal with a significant water shortage, which is of key importance for corn yields. As is known, in this region, corn is an important source of fodder for numerous farms engaged in cattle production.
The reports prepared by IUNG-PIB indicate that the largest and longest-lasting water deficit concerns the following voivodeships:
- Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
- Masovian Voivodeship
- Podlasie
- Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
- Lublin Voivodeship
- Łódź province
As IUNG-PIB reminds, no matter which six-decade period a drought is detected, the final yields for drought-affected crops will be at least 20% lower at the commune scale than the yields obtained in average long-term weather conditions.
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How much water does corn need? Key stages ahead of plants
Detailed information presenting crop losses in individual voivodeships using maps and tables is available on the website of the Agricultural Drought Monitoring System. As emphasized by IUNG-PIB, the maximum extent of drought is the most reliable in the monitored growing season in determining the occurrence of agricultural drought in: the country, voivodeship, commune and on the registered plot.
