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Galloway and Highland Beef Breeds Under the Microscope: Ideal for Extensive Production Systems

Rasy mięsne galloway i highland pod lupą. Idealne do ekstensywnego systemu produkcji

Galloway cattle

This is a breed of beef cattle that originated in the harsh conditions of southwestern Scotland, in the Galloway region. It has been bred for centuries in Scotland and is considered the oldest in Great Britain. The Galloway Cattle Breeders' Association was established in 1877, and the first herdbook for this breed was established in 1879. Due to the emergence of many popular cattle breeds, this breed has lost its economic importance. According to FAO data, the world population of Galloway cows is small and amounts to only about 40 thousand. This breed is bred in 17 countries, and the largest population occurs in Kazakhstan.

Galloway cattle have a gentle temperament and great adaptability to changing environmental conditions; they tolerate difficult living conditions and feed shortages well and can be kept outdoors all year round. This is a genetically hornless breed. The body is massive, symmetrical, well-muscled, the head is short and wide, and the chest is wide and deep. There is a great variability in coat color: the most popular is black, although dark brown and reddish brown can also be found; white-coated animals with dark pigmentation of the muzzle and teats and around the eyes and ears are rare. A variety of this breed is the belted galloway (saddled galloway, striped galloway) characterized by a wide white band around the middle of the body. The distinguishing feature is a fairly long, covering the entire body, coat, in which there are two layers: the outer – consisting of long and thick hair, protecting against snow, rain and wind and the inner – soft and fluffy, which protects the body from losing heat. Galloway is an early maturing breed.

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